Extrasynaptic Release of Serotonin Affects the Social Dynamics of Leeches
نویسنده
چکیده
RefeRences Aldana, M., Larralde, H., and Vázquez, B. (2009). On the emergence of collective order in swarming systems: a recent debate. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 23, 3661–3685. Bisson, G., Bianconi, G., and Torre, V. (2012). The dynamics of group formation among leeches. Front. Physiol. 3:133. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00133 Cattuto, C., Barrat, A., Baldassarri, A., Schehr, G., and Loreto, V. (2009). Collective dynamics of social annotation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 10511–10515. Christakis, N. A., and Fowler, J. H. (2008). The collective dynamics of smoking in a large social network. N. Engl. J. Med. 358, 2249–2258. Christakis, N. A., and Fowler, J. H. (2012). Social network sensors for early detection of contagious outbreaks. PLoS ONE 5, e12948. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0012948 Colorni, A., Dorigo, M., and Maniezzo, V. (1992). “Distributed optimization by ant colonies,” in Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems: Proceedings of the First European Conference on Artificial Life, F. eds J. Varela and P. Bourgine (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/ Bradford Books), 1341–42. Hopfield, J. J. (1982). Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79, 2554–2558. Miramontes, O., and De Souza, O. (2008). Individual basis for collective behaviour in the termite, Cornitermes cumulans. J. Insect Sci. 8, 1–22. Nagy, M., Ákos, Z., Biro, D., and Vicsek, T. (2010). Hierarchical group dynamics in pigeon flocks. Nature 464, 890–893. Stehlé, J., Barrat, A., and Bianconi, G. (2010). Dynamical and bursty interactions in social networks. Phys. Rev. E 81, 035101.
منابع مشابه
The Dynamics of Group Formation Among Leeches
Leeches exploring a new environment continuously meet each other and merge in temporary groups. After 2-3 h, leeches become attracted to each other eventually forming a large and stable group. When their number is reduced, leeches remain solitary, behaving independently. Group formation is facilitated by body injection of serotonin (5-HT) and the level of endogenous 5-HT is elevated in leeches ...
متن کاملStatistical characterization of social interactions and collective behavior in medicinal leeches.
In the present study we analyzed the behavior and interactions among leeches in the same observation tank. Colored beads were glued onto their skin so that their behavior could be followed and quantified. When two or three leeches were present in the observation tank, they searched around for a maximum of 2 h and their motion and behavior were independent from those of their conspecifics. When ...
متن کاملDevelopment of serotonin-induced ion currents in identified embryonic Retzius cells from the medicinal leech (Hirudo medicinalis).
Retzius cells and the cutaneous baroreceptive P-cells of adult medicinal leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) respond to 5-HT by Cl- as well as by monovalent cation conductances (Drapeau et al., 1989). However, chemical synaptic connections between Retzius cells (Liu and Nicholls, 1989) as well as Retzius cells and P-cells in culture (Drapeau and Sanchez-Armass, 1988) are mediated by postsynaptic Cl- c...
متن کاملExcitability and secretory activity in the salivary gland cells of jawed leeches (Hirudinea: Gnathobdellida).
Thousands of salivary cells fill the interstices throughout the anterior ends of jawed leeches. The somata are large (30-200 micron in diameter). They project single processes (ductules) into the three jaws, and were found to fire overshooting action potentials of 50-85 mV amplitude and 100-200 ms duration at low spontaneous rates. The action potentials were not detected in the presence of coba...
متن کاملReview of Metabolism, Transport and Role of Serotonin in the Body and the Relation between Serotonin and Diseases
Serotonin (5-hydroxytriptamine), one of the most important neurotransmitters, is synthesized from amino acid L-tryptophan in some neurons located in the central nervous system and intestine enterochromaffin cells . The role of this neurotransmitter is important and involves control of sexual behaviors, morality, sleep, pain, appetite, aggression, cardiovascular function and regulation of gut fu...
متن کامل